1. Rinse the test tube with the water to be tested and fill to the 5 ml mark using injector.
  2. Add 3 drops P (FF, phenolphthalein) Indicator and shake. The solution must turn pink, otherwise determine M value on step 4 th.
  3. Add alkalinity Titration Solution drop by drop till the pink color turns to colorless. Titration is completed when it turns to colorless. Reported P alkalinity is total drops of titration solutions.

1 drop TITRATION SOL = 50 ppm Phenol (p) Alkalinity.

  1. Add 3 drops MR indicator to the same test tube. The solution must turn green.
  2. Add TITRATION SOLUTION drop by drop till it turns green to grey-red, count the titration solutions drops while the test solutions color changes green to grey-red. Reported M Alkalinity is total drops of these steps.

1 drop TITRATION SOL = 50 ppm Total (M) Alkalinity

Total Alkalinity= P alkalinity+M alkalinity

1 drop TITRATION SOL = 50 ppm Total (M) Alkalinity

Total Alkalinity= P alkalinity+M alkalinity

VALUES HYDROXIDES CARBONATES BICARBONATES
P=0 m
P=m m  
2p=m m
2p>m 2p-m 2(m-p)
2p< m 2p m-2p

 

 

Note :

p = 0  alkalinity is caused by bicarbonate.

p = m alkalinity is caused by hydroxide.    

2p = m alkalinity is caused by carbonate.

2p ›  m alkalinity is caused by carbonate and hydroxide.

2p ‹  m alkalinity is caused by carbonate and bicarbonate.